Hazard and Operability Studies (HAZOP) HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Study) is a structured method for identifying hazards and problems associated with the operation of a process plant. The results of a HAZOP study can not only allow engineers to improve the safety of an operation, but also serve to highlight operability problems at an early stage in project development. Equally, the technique is used for the analysis of process modifications and existing processes which have been operating for many years. The procedures can apply equally to batch or continuous operations and are valid for both simple and complex plants. In recent years, process engineers have increasingly chosen to use Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), Distributed Control Systems (DCSs) and computers for process control. While these systems provide flexibility and close control of the process, they introduce an additional mode of failure to the plant. Modern HAZOP techniques including Computer HAZOP (CHAZOP) are used to consider such systems. Special Features Interactive workshops using the HAZOP technique Demonstration of computer assisted HAZOP software Objectives At the end of this course, the attendees will have an understanding of the application of HAZOP and other identification techniques in process safety studies. Practical experience of participating in HAZOP exercises of both batch and continuous operations will have been gained. The impact of human factors and automated control systems will also be understood. For personnel not participating directly in HAZOP identification studies, the course has been oriented towards an understanding of when hazard identification tools should be applied and the auditing of such studies undertaken by third parties. Introduction Background - why carry out a HAZOP? HAZOP in the Context of Safety Management Overview of process safety Management The place of hazard identification in a typical project schedule Techniques for a hazard identification (What if, Checklists, FMEA, HAZOP) Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment HAZOP Methodology Choosing the HAZOP team/Role of team leader Preparing for the study (documents, fixing the scope, etc.) HAZOP guide words Recording the meeting Actions and follow-up Carrying out the study -- an example HAZOP Workshop I HAZOP study of a simple process operation Feedback from the workshop HAZOP Team Leadership Role of the leader Approaches in managing a team Batch Operations The elements of time and sequence order Constructing an event "model" Human factors HAZOP Workshop II Preparation and HAZOP study of a batch process operation Feedback from workshop HAZOP and Programmable Electronic Systems (CHAZOP) PES control system architecture Analysis approach Integration with the process HAZOP Establishing HAZOP Procedures Defining the scope and depth of the study The costs involved in a HAZOP review When to conduct a HAZOP Controlling the follow-up actions Documentation Auditing the HAZOP
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